Search for ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ (Axion) Resonance in Bhabha Scattering

INSPIRE   PDGID:
S029AEE
The limit is for $\Gamma\mathrm {({{\mathit A}^{0}})}$[B( ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ )]${}^{2}$.
VALUE ($ 10^{-3} $ eV) CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN  COMMENT
• • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • •
$<1.3$ 97 1
HALLIN
1992
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.75 - 1.88$ MeV
$\text{none 0.0016 - 0.47}$ 90 2
HENDERSON
1992C
 CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$= $1.5 - 1.86$ MeV
$<2.0$ 90 3
WU
1992
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$= $1.56 - 1.86$ MeV
$<0.013$ 95
TSERTOS
1991
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.832$ MeV
$\text{none 0.19 - 3.3}$ 95 4
WIDMANN
1991
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$= $1.78 - 1.92$ MeV
$<5$ 97
BAUER
1990
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.832$ MeV
$\text{none 0.09 - 1.5}$ 95 5
JUDGE
1990
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.832$ MeV, elastic
$<1.9$ 97 6
TSERTOS
1989
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.82$ MeV
$\text{<(10 - 40)}$ 97 6
TSERTOS
1989
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.51-1.65$ MeV
$\text{<(1 - 2.5)}$ 97 6
TSERTOS
1989
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.80-1.86$ MeV
$<31$ 95
LORENZ
1988
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.646$ MeV
$<94$ 95
LORENZ
1988
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.726$ MeV
$<23$ 95
LORENZ
1988
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.782$ MeV
$<19$ 95
LORENZ
1988
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.837$ MeV
$<3.8$ 97 7
TSERTOS
1988
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.832$ MeV
8
VANKLINKEN
1988
CNTR
9
MAIER
1987
CNTR
$<2500$ 90
MILLS
1987
CNTR ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.8$ MeV
10
VONWIMMERSPER..
1987
CNTR
1  HALLIN 1992 quote limits on lifetime, $8 \times 10^{-14}~--~5 \times 10^{-13}$ sec depending on mass, assuming B( ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ ) = 100$\%$. They say that TSERTOS 1991 overstated their sensitivity by a factor of 3.
2  HENDERSON 1992C exclude axion with lifetime ${\mathit \tau}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}=1.4 \times 10^{-12}~--~4.0 \times 10^{-10}~$s, assuming B( ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ )=100$\%$. HENDERSON 1992C also exclude a vector boson with =$1.4 \times 10^{-12}~--~6.0 \times 10^{-10}~$s.
3  WU 1992 quote limits on lifetime $>3.3 \times 10^{-13}~$s assuming B( ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ )=100$\%$. They say that TSERTOS 1989 overestimate the limit by a factor of ${{\mathit \pi}}$/2. WU 1992 also quote a bound for vector boson, $>8.2 \times 10^{-13}~$s.
4  WIDMANN 1991 bound applies exclusively to the case B( ${{\mathit A}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ )=1, since the detection efficiency varies substantially as $\Gamma\mathrm {({{\mathit A}^{0}})}_{{\mathrm {total}}}$ changes. See their Fig.$~$6.
5  JUDGE 1990 excludes an elastic pseudoscalar ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ resonance for $4.5 \times 10^{-13}~$s $<$ $\tau\mathrm {({{\mathit A}^{0}})}$ $<$ $7.5 \times 10^{-12}~$s (95$\%$ CL) at ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.832$ MeV. Comparable limits can be set for ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ = $1.776-1.856$ MeV.
6  See also TSERTOS 1988B in references.
7  The upper limit listed in TSERTOS 1988 is too large by a factor of 4. See TSERTOS 1988B, footnote 3.
8  VANKLINKEN 1988 looked for relatively long-lived resonance ($\tau $ = $10^{-10}-10^{-12}~$s). The sensitivity is not sufficient to exclude such a narrow resonance.
9  MAIER 1987 obtained limits $\mathit R\Gamma $ ${ {}\lesssim{} }$ 60 eV (100 eV) at ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit A}^{0}}}$ $\simeq{}$ $1.64$ MeV ($1.83$ MeV) for energy resolution $\Delta \mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ $\simeq{}$ 3 keV, where $\mathit R$ is the resonance cross section normalized to that of Bhabha scattering, and $\Gamma $ = $\Gamma {}^{2}_{ {{\mathit e}} {{\mathit e}} }/\Gamma _{{\mathrm {total}}}$. For a discussion implying that $\Delta \mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ $\simeq{}$ 10$~$keV, see TSERTOS 1989 .
10  VONWIMMERSPERG 1987 measured Bhabha scattering for $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = $1.37-1.86$ MeV and found a possible peak at $1.73$ with $\int{\sigma \mathit d\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}}$ = $14.5$ $\pm6.8$ keV$\cdot{}$b. For a comment and a reply, see VANKLINKEN 1988B and VONWIMMERSPERG 1988 . Also see CONNELL 1988 .
References:
HALLIN 1992
PR D45 3955 Sensitive Search for Resonances in Low Energy ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ Scattering
HENDERSON 1992C
PRL 69 1733 Search in s Channel for Production of 1 $−$ 2 ${\mathrm {MeV}}/\mathit c{}^{2}$ Longlived ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ Resonances
WU 1992
PRL 69 1729 Search for Low Mass States in Elastic ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ Scattering
TSERTOS 1991
PL B266 259 Experimental Exclusion of Neutral Resonances in Bhabha Scattering at MeV Energies
WIDMANN 1991
ZPHY A340 209 Limits for Two-Photon and ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ Decay Widths of Positron Electron Scattering Resonances for $\sqrt {s }$=1.78 to 1.92 MeV
BAUER 1990
NIM B50 300 The Stuttgart Positron Beam, its Performance and Recent Experiments
JUDGE 1990
PRL 65 972 Search for Longlived Neutral Resonances in Bhabha Scattering around 1.8 ${\mathrm {MeV}}/\mathit c{}^{2}$
TSERTOS 1989
PR D40 1397 High Sensitivity Measurements of the Excitation Function for Bhabha Scattering at MeV Energies
LORENZ 1988
PL B214 10 Search for Narrow Resonance Production in Bhabha Scattering at Centre-of-Mass Energies near 1.8 MeV
TSERTOS 1988
PL B207 273 Sensitive Search for Neutral Resonances in Bhabha Scattering around 1.8 ${\mathrm {MeV}}/\mathit c{}^{2}$
VANKLINKEN 1988
PL B205 223 Search for Resonant Bhabha Scattering around an Invariant Mass of 1.8 MeV
MAIER 1987
ZPHY A326 527 Experimental Limits for Narrow Lines in the Excitation Function of Positron-Electron Scattering around $\mathit E{}^{*}$ = 620 keV and $\mathit E{}^{*}$ = 810 keV
MILLS 1987
PR D36 707 Search for a Bhabha Scattering Resonance near 1.8 ${\mathrm {MeV}}/\mathit c{}^{2}$
VONWIMMERSPERG 1987
PRL 59 266 Observation of Bhabha Scattering in the Centre of Mass Kinetic Energy Range 342 to 845 keV