# Long-lived ${{\widetilde{\boldsymbol g}}}$ (Gluino) mass limit INSPIRE search

Limits on light gluinos (${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $<$ 5 GeV) were last listed in our PDG 2014 edition: K. Olive, $\mathit et~al.$ (Particle Data Group), Chinese Physics C38 070001 (2014) (http://pdg.lbl.gov).

VALUE (GeV) CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN  COMMENT
$> 2060$ 95 1
 2019 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, ${{\mathit \tau}}{}\geq{}$10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1890$ 95 1
 2019 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, stable
$> 2370$ 95 2
 2018 S
ATLS displaced vertex + $\not E_T$, long-lived Tglu1A, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV, and ${{\mathit \tau}}$=0.17 ns
$> 1600$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ < 0.1 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1750$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 1 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1640$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 10 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1490$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 100 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1300$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 1 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 960$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 10 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 900$ 95 3
 2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 100 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 2200$ 95 4
 2018 DV
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , 0.6 mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}<$ 80 mm
$>1000$ 95 5
 2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , c${{\mathit \tau}}$ = 0.3 mm
$>1300$ 95 5
 2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , c${{\mathit \tau}}$ = 1.0 mm
$>1400$ 95 5
 2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , 2 mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}<$ 30 mm
$> 1580$ 95 6
 2016 B
ATLS long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons
$\text{> 740 - 1590}$ 95 7
 2016 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, ${{\mathit \tau}}{}\geq{}$0.4 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1570$ 95 7
 2016 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, stable
$> 1610$ 95 8
 2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, cloud interaction model
$> 1580$ 95 8
 2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, charge-suppressed interaction model
$> 1520$ 95 8
 2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.5, cloud interaction model
$> 1540$ 95 8
 2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.5, charge-suppressed interaction model
$>1270$ 95 9
 2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadron, generic R-hadron model
$>1360$ 95 9
 2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ decaying to 300 GeV stable sleptons, LeptoSUSY model
$>1115$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadron, stable
$>1185$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1099$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1182$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1157$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 480 GeV
$>869$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>821$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV ~
$>836$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>836$ 95 10
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 480 GeV
$> 1000$ 95 11
 2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadrons, 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<{{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
$> 880$ 95 11
 2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadrons, 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<{{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
$> 985$ 95 12
 2013 AA
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, generic interaction model
$> 832$ 95 13
 2013 BC
ATLS R-hadrons, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , generic R-hadron model, lifetime between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ s, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1322$ 95 14
 2013 AB
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, cloud interaction model
$\text{none 200 - 341}$ 95 15
 2012 P
ATLS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 640$ 95 16
 2012 AN
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$
$> 1098$ 95 17
 2012 L
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, f = 0.1
$> 586$ 95 18
 2011 K
ATLS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
$> 544$ 95 19
 2011 P
ATLS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, GMSB scenario, tan ${{\mathit \beta}}$=5
$> 370$ 95 20
 2011
CMS long lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
$> 398$ 95 21
 2011 C
CMS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
1  AABOUD 2019C searched in 36.1 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for metastable and stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons arising as excesses in the mass distribution of reconstructed tracks with high transverse momentum and large dE/dx. Gluino ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons with lifetimes above 10 ns are excluded at 95$\%$ C.L. with lower mass limit range between 1000 GeV and 2060 GeV, see their Figure 5(a). Masses smaller than 1290 GeV are excluded for a lifetime of 1 ns, see their Figure 6. In the case of stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, the lower mass limit is 1890 GeV, see their Figure 5(b).
2  AABOUD 2018S searched in 32.8 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived gluinos in final states with large missing transverse momentum and at least one high-mass displaced vertex with five or more tracks. The observed yield is consistent with the expected background. Exclusion limits are derived for Tglu1A models predicting the existence of long-lived gluinos reaching roughly m(${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$) = 2000 GeV to 2370 GeV for m(${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$) = 100 GeV and gluino lifetimes between 0.02 and 10 ns, see their Fig. 8. Limits are presented also as a function of the lifetime (for a fixed gluino-neutralino mass difference of 100 GeV) and of the gluino and neutralino masses (for a fixed lifetime of 1 ns). See their Fig. 9 and 10 respectively.
3  SIRUNYAN 2018AY searched in 35.9 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for events containing one or more jets and significant $\not E_T$. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set on the gluino mass in the Tglu1A, Tglu2A and Tglu3A simplified models, see their Figure 3. Limits are also set on squark, sbottom and stop masses in the Tsqk1, Tsbot1, Tstop1 and Tstop4 simplified models, see their Figure 3. Finally, limits are set on long-lived gluino masses in a Tglu1A simplified model where the gluino is metastable or long-lived with proper decay lengths in the range $10^{-3}$ mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}$ $<$ $10^{5}$ mm, see their Figure 4.
4  SIRUNYAN 2018DV searched in 38.5 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived particles in events with multiple jets and two displaced vertices composed of many tracks. No events with two well-separated high-track-multiplicity vertices were observed. Limits are set on the stop and the gluino mass in RPV models of supersymmetry where the stop (gluino) is decaying solely into dijet (multijet) final states, see their Figures 6 and 7.
5  KHACHATRYAN 2017AR searched in 17.6 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for R-parity-violating SUSY in which long-lived neutralinos or gluinos decay into multijet final states. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set on the gluino mass for a range of mean proper decay lengths (c${{\mathit \tau}}$), see their Fig. 7. The upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio squared (Fig. 7) are also applicable to long-lived neutralinos.
6  AABOUD 2016B searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons using observables related to large ionization losses and slow propagation velocities, which are signatures of heavy charged particles traveling significantly slower than the speed of light. Exclusion limits at 95$\%$ C.L. are set on the long-lived gluino masses exceeding 1580 GeV. See their Fig. 5.
7  AABOUD 2016C searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived and stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons identified by anomalous specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS Pixel detector. Gluino ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons with lifetimes above 0.4 ns are excluded at 95$\%$ C.L. with lower mass limit range between 740 GeV and 1590 GeV. In the case of stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, the lower mass limit is 1570 GeV. See their Figs. 5 and 6.
8  KHACHATRYAN 2016BW searched in 2.5 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for events with heavy stable charged particles, identified by their anomalously high energy deposits in the silicon tracker and/or long time-of-flight measurements by the muon system. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass, depending on the interaction model and on the fraction f, of produced gluinos hadronizing into a ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ - gluon state, see Fig. 4 and Table 7.
9  AAD 2015AE searched in 19.1 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for heavy long-lived charged particles, measured through their specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector or their time-of-flight in the ALTAS muon system. In the absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set R-hadrons in various scenarios, see Fig. 11. Limits are also set in LeptoSUSY models where the gluino decays to stable 300 GeV leptons, see Fig. 9.
10  AAD 2015BM searched in 18.4 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for stable and metastable non-relativistic charged particles through their anomalous specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set within a generic R-hadron model, on stable gluino R-hadrons (see Table 5) and on metastable gluino R-hadrons decaying to ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$ ) plus a light ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ (see Fig. 7) and decaying to ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}$ plus a light ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ (see Fig. 9).
11  KHACHATRYAN 2015AK looked in a data set corresponding to 18.6 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV, and a search interval corresponding to 281 h of trigger lifetime, for long-lived particles that have stopped in the CMS detector. No evidence for an excess over the expected background in a cloud interaction model is observed. Assuming the decay ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ and lifetimes between 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s and 1000 s, limits are derived on ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ production as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$, see Figs. 4 and 6. The exclusions require that ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ is kinematically consistent with the minimum values of the jet energy thresholds used.
12  AAD 2013AA searched in 4.7 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events containing colored long-lived particles that hadronize forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. No significant excess above the expected background was found. Long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons containing a ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ are excluded for masses up to 985 GeV at 95$\%$ C.L in a general interaction model. Also, limits independent of the fraction of ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons that arrive charged in the muon system were derived, see Fig. 6.
13  AAD 2013BC searched in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 22.9 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for bottom squark R-hadrons that have come to rest within the ATLAS calorimeter and decay at some later time to hadronic jets and a neutralino. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set on gluino masses for different decays, lifetimes, and neutralino masses, see their Table 6 and Fig. 10.
14  CHATRCHYAN 2013AB looked in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 18.8 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$'s. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 8 and Table 5), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−$g (R-gluonball) states. The quoted limit is for f = 0.1, while for f = 0.5 it degrades to 1276 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 928 GeV for f = 0.1.
15  AAD 2012P looked in 31 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ is derived for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV, see Fig. 4. The limit is valid for lifetimes between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ seconds and assumes the $\mathit Generic$ matter interaction model for the production cross section.
16  CHATRCHYAN 2012AN looked in 4.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ is derived, see Fig. 3. The mass limit is valid for lifetimes between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ seconds, for what they call ''the daughter gluon energy ${{\mathit E}_{{g}}}$ $>$'' 100 GeV and assuming the $\mathit cloud$ interaction model for ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. Supersedes KHACHATRYAN 2011 .
17  CHATRCHYAN 2012L looked in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$'s. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 3), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−$g (${{\mathit R}}$-glueball) states. The quoted limit is for f = 0.1, while for f = 0.5 it degrades to 1046 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 928 GeV for f=0.1. Supersedes KHACHATRYAN 2011C.
18  AAD 2011K looked in 34 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or time of flight in the tile calorimeter, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$. No evidence for an excess over the SM expectation is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 4), for a fraction, f = 10$\%$, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). If instead of a phase space driven approach for the hadronic scattering of the R-hadrons, a triple-Regge model or a bag-model is used, the limit degrades to 566 and 562 GeV, respectively.
19  AAD 2011P looked in 37 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, reconstructed and identified by their time of flight in the Muon System. There is no requirement on their observation in the tracker to increase the sensitivity to cases where gluinos have a large fraction, f, of formation of neutral ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). No evidence for an excess over the SM expectation is observed. Limits are derived as a function of mass (see Fig. 4), for f=0.1. For fractions f = 0.5 and 1.0 the limit degrades to 537 and 530 GeV, respectively.
20  KHACHATRYAN 2011 looked in 10 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to R-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section times branching ratio is derived for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}−{\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}>$ 100 GeV, see their Fig. 2. Assuming 100$\%$ branching ratio, lifetimes between 75 ns and $3 \times 10^{5}$ s are excluded for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ = 300 GeV. The ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ mass exclusion is obtained with the same assumptions for lifetimes between 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}{{\mathit s}}$ and 1000 s, but shows some dependence on the model for R-hadron interactions with matter, illustrated in Fig. 3. From a time-profile analysis, the mass exclusion is 382 GeV for a lifetime of 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}{{\mathit s}}$ under the same assumptions as above.
21  KHACHATRYAN 2011C looked in 3.1 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 3), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). The quoted limit is for f=0.1, while for f=0.5 it degrades to 357 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 311 GeV for f=0.1.
References:
 AABOUD 2019C
PL B788 96 Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV using an ionisation measurement with the \mbox{ATLAS} detector
 AABOUD 2018S
PR D97 052012 Search for long-lived, massive particles in events with displaced vertices and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
 SIRUNYAN 2018AY
JHEP 1805 025 Search for natural and split supersymmetry in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum
 SIRUNYAN 2018DV
PR D98 092011 Search for long-lived particles with displaced vertices in multijet events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$13 TeV
 KHACHATRYAN 2017AR
PR D95 012009 Search for $\mathit R$-Parity Violating Supersymmetry with Displaced Vertices in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
 AABOUD 2016C
PR D93 112015 Search for Metastable Heavy Charged Particles with Large Ionization Energy Loss in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV using the ATLAS Experiment
 AABOUD 2016B
PL B760 647 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged ${{\mathit R}}$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of Proton-Proton Collision Data at $\sqrt {s }$ =13 TeV
 KHACHATRYAN 2016BW
PR D94 112004 Search for Long-Lived Charged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV
 AAD 2015BM
EPJ C75 407 Search for Metastable Heavy Charged Particles with Large Ionisation Energy Loss in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV using the ATLAS Experiment
 AAD 2015AE
JHEP 1501 068 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
 KHACHATRYAN 2015AK
EPJ C75 151 Search for Decays of Stopped Long-Lived Particles Produced in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
 AAD 2013AA
PL B720 277 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Sleptons and $\mathit R$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
 AAD 2013BC
PR D88 112003 Search for Long-Lived Stopped $\mathit R$-Hadrons Decaying out of Time with ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions using the ATLAS Detector
 CHATRCHYAN 2013AB
JHEP 1307 122 Searches for Long-Lived Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 and 8 TeV
 AAD 2012P
EPJ C72 1965 Search for Decays of Stopped, Long-lived Particles from 7 TeV ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions with the ATLAS Detector
 CHATRCHYAN 2012L
PL B713 408 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
 CHATRCHYAN 2012AN
JHEP 1208 026 Search for Stopped Long-Lived Particles Produced in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
 AAD 2011P
PL B703 428 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
 AAD 2011K
PL B701 1 Search for Stable Hadronising squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC
 KHACHATRYAN 2011C
JHEP 1103 024 Search for Heavy Stable Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
 KHACHATRYAN 2011
PRL 106 011801 Search for Stopped Gluinos in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV