# Long-lived ${{\widetilde{\boldsymbol q}}}$ (Squark) mass limit INSPIRE search

The following are bounds on long-lived scalar quarks, assumed to hadronise into hadrons with lifetime long enough to escape the detector prior to a possible decay. Limits may depend on the mixing angle of mass eigenstates: ${{\widetilde{\mathit q}}_{{1}}}={{\widetilde{\mathit q}}_{{L}}}$cos $\theta _{{{\mathit q}}}+{{\widetilde{\mathit q}}_{{R}}}$sin$\theta _{{{\mathit q}}}$. The coupling to the ${{\mathit Z}^{0}}$ boson vanishes for up-type squarks when $\theta _{{{\mathit u}}}=0.98$, and for down type squarks when $\theta _{{{\mathit d}}}=1.17$.
VALUE (GeV) CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN  COMMENT
$> 805$ 95 1
 2016 B
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$ ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons
$> 890$ 95 2
 2016 B
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}{{\mathit R}}$-hadrons
$> 1040$ 95 3
 2016 BW
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadrons, cloud interaction model
$\bf{> 1000}$ 95 3
 2016 BW
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadrons, charge-suppressed interaction model
$\bf{> 845}$ 95 4
 2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$ R-hadron, stable, Regge model
$> 900$ 95 4
 2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadron, stable, Regge model
$>1500$ 95 4
 2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ decaying to 300 GeV stable sleptons, LeptoSUSY model
$> 751$ 95 5
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$ R-hadron, stable, Regge model
$> 766$ 95 5
 2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadron, stable, Regge model
$> 525$ 95 6
 2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadrons, 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<{{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
$> 470$ 95 6
 2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ R-hadrons, 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<$ ${{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
$> 683$ 95 7
 2013 AA
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$, ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, generic interaction model
$> 612$ 95 8
 2013 AA
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$, ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, generic interaction model
$> 344$ 95 9
 2013 BC
ATLS R-hadrons, ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit b}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , Regge model, lifetime between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ s, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 379$ 95 10
 2013 BC
ATLS R-hadrons, ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , Regge model, lifetime between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ s, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 935$ 95 11
 2013 AB
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ forming R-hadrons, cloud interaction model
1  AABOUD 2016B searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons using observables related to large ionization losses and slow propagation velocities, which are signatures of heavy charged particles traveling significantly slower than the speed of light. Exclusion limits at 95$\%$ C.L. are set on the long-lived sbottom masses exceeding 805 GeV. See their Fig. 5.
2  AABOUD 2016B searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons using observables related to large ionization losses and slow propagation velocities, which are signatures of heavy charged particles traveling significantly slower than the speed of light. Exclusion limits at 95$\%$ C.L. are set on the long-lived stop masses exceeding 890 GeV. See their Fig. 5.
3  KHACHATRYAN 2016BW searched in 2.5 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for events with heavy stable charged particles, identified by their anomalously high energy deposits in the silicon tracker and/or long time-of-flight measurements by the muon system. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of top squarks as a function of mass, depending on the interaction model, see Fig. 4 and Table 7.
4  AAD 2015AE searched in 19.1 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for heavy long-lived charged particles, measured through their specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector or their time-of-flight in the ALTAS muon system. In the absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set R-hadrons in various scenarios, see Fig. 11. Limits are also set in LeptoSUSY models where the gluino decays to stable 300 GeV leptons, see Fig. 9.
5  AAD 2015BM searched in 18.4 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for stable and metastable non-relativistic charged particles through their anomalous specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set on stable bottom and top squark R-hadrons, see Table 5.
6  KHACHATRYAN 2015AK looked in a data set corresponding to fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV, and a search interval corresponding to 281 h of trigger lifetime, for long-lived particles that have stopped in the CMS detector. No evidence for an excess over the expected background in a cloud interaction model is observed. Assuming the decay ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ and lifetimes between 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s and 1000 s, limits are derived on ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ production as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$, see Figs. 4 and 7. The exclusions require that ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ is kinematically consistent with the minimum values of the jet energy thresholds used.
7  AAD 2013AA searched in 4.7 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events containing colored long-lived particles that hadronize forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. No significant excess above the expected background was found. Long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons containing a ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ are excluded for masses up to 683 GeV at 95$\%$ C.L in a general interaction model. Also, limits independent of the fraction of ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons that arrive charged in the muon system were derived, see Fig. 6.
8  AAD 2013AA searched in 4.7 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events containing colored long-lived particles that hadronize forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. No significant excess above the expected background was found. Long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons containing a ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$ are excluded for masses up to 612 GeV at 95$\%$ C.L in a general interaction model. Also, limits independent of the fraction of ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons that arrive charged in the muon system were derived, see Fig. 6.
9  AAD 2013BC searched in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 22.9 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for bottom squark R-hadrons that have come to rest within the ATLAS calorimeter and decay at some later time to hadronic jets and a neutralino. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set on sbottom masses for the decay ${{\widetilde{\mathit b}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit b}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , for different lifetimes, and for a neutralino mass of 100 GeV, see their Table 6 and Fig 10.
10  AAD 2013BC searched in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 22.9 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for bottom squark R-hadrons that have come to rest within the ATLAS calorimeter and decay at some later time to hadronic jets and a neutralino. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set on stop masses for the decay ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , for different lifetimes, and for a neutralino mass of 100 GeV, see their Table 6 and Fig 10.
11  CHATRCHYAN 2013AB looked in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 18.8 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit t}}_{{1}}}$'s. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of stops as a function of mass in the cloud interaction model (see Fig. 8 and Table 6). In the charge-suppressed model, the limit decreases to 818 GeV.
References:
 AABOUD 2016B
PL B760 647 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged ${{\mathit R}}$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of Proton-Proton Collision Data at $\sqrt {s }$ =13 TeV
 KHACHATRYAN 2016BW
PR D94 112004 Search for Long-Lived Charged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV
JHEP 1501 068 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
EPJ C75 407 Search for Metastable Heavy Charged Particles with Large Ionisation Energy Loss in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV using the ATLAS Experiment
EPJ C75 151 Search for Decays of Stopped Long-Lived Particles Produced in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
PR D88 112003 Search for Long-Lived Stopped $\mathit R$-Hadrons Decaying out of Time with ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions using the ATLAS Detector
PL B720 277 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Sleptons and $\mathit R$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
JHEP 1307 122 Searches for Long-Lived Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 and 8 TeV