The ${{\mathit c}}$-quark mass corresponds to the “running” mass ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ ($\mu $ = ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$) in the $\overline{\rm{}MS}$ scheme. We have converted masses in other schemes to the $\overline{\rm{}MS}$ scheme using two-loop QCD perturbation theory with ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}({{\mathit \mu}}={\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$) = $0.38$ $\pm0.03$. The value $1.2730$ $\pm0.0046$ (GeV) for the $\overline{\rm{}MS}$ mass corresponds to $1.67$ $\pm0.07$ GeV for the pole mass (see the “Note on Quark Masses'').

VALUE (GeV) DOCUMENT ID TECN $\bf{ 1.2730 \pm0.0046}$ OUR EVALUATION  See the ideogram below. $1.316$ $\pm0.022$ ${}^{+0.019}_{-0.010}$ 1 ALEXANDROU 2021 LATT $1.296$ $\pm0.019$ 2 HEITGER 2021 LATT $1.2723$ $\pm0.0078$ 3 HATTON 2020 LATT $1.266$ $\pm0.006$ 4 NARISON 2020 THEO $1.290$ ${}^{+0.077}_{-0.053}$ 5 ABRAMOWICZ 2018 HERA $1.273$ $\pm0.010$ 6 BAZAVOV 2018 LATT $1.2737$ $\pm0.0077$ 7 LYTLE 2018 LATT $1.223$ $\pm0.033$ 8 PESET 2018 THEO $1.279$ $\pm0.008$ 9 CHETYRKIN 2017 THEO $1.272$ $\pm0.008$ 10 ERLER 2017 THEO $1.246$ $\pm0.023$ 11 KIYO 2016 THEO $1.288$ $\pm0.020$ 12 DEHNADI 2015 THEO $1.348$ $\pm0.046$ 13 CARRASCO 2014 LATT $1.24$ $\pm0.03$ ${}^{+0.03}_{-0.07}$ 14 ALEKHIN 2013 THEO $1.159$ $\pm0.075$ 15 SAMOYLOV 2013 NOMD $1.278$ $\pm0.009$ 16 BODENSTEIN 2011 THEO $1.28$ ${}^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$ 17 LASCHKA 2011 THEO $1.196$ $\pm0.059$ $\pm0.050$ 18 AUBERT 2010 A BABR $1.25$ $\pm0.04$ 19 SIGNER 2009 THEO • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • $1.263$ $\pm0.014$ 20 NARISON 2018 A THEO $1.264$ $\pm0.006$ 21 NARISON 2018 B THEO $1.335$ $\pm0.043$ ${}^{+0.040}_{-0.011}$ 22 BERTONE 2016 THEO $1.2715$ $\pm0.0095$ 23 CHAKRABORTY 2015 LATT $1.26$ $\pm0.05$ $\pm0.04$ 24 ABRAMOWICZ 2013 C COMB $1.282$ $\pm0.011$ $\pm0.022$ 25 DEHNADI 2013 THEO $1.286$ $\pm0.066$ 26 NARISON 2013 THEO $1.36$ $\pm0.04$ $\pm0.10$ 27 ALEKHIN 2012 THEO $1.261$ $\pm0.016$ 28 NARISON 2012 A THEO $1.01$ $\pm0.09$ $\pm0.03$ 29 ALEKHIN 2011 THEO $1.28$ $\pm0.04$ 30 BLOSSIER 2010 LATT $1.299$ $\pm0.026$ 31 BODENSTEIN 2010 THEO $1.273$ $\pm0.006$ 32 MCNEILE 2010 LATT $1.261$ $\pm0.018$ 33 NARISON 2010 THEO $1.279$ $\pm0.013$ 34 CHETYRKIN 2009 THEO $1.268$ $\pm0.009$ 35 ALLISON 2008 LATT $1.286$ $\pm0.013$ 36 KUHN 2007 THEO $1.295$ $\pm0.015$ 37 BOUGHEZAL 2006 THEO $1.24$ $\pm0.09$ 38 BUCHMUELLER 2006 THEO $1.224$ $\pm0.017$ $\pm0.054$ 39 HOANG 2006 THEO $1.33$ $\pm0.10$ 40 AUBERT 2004 X THEO $1.29$ $\pm0.07$ 41 HOANG 2004 THEO $1.319$ $\pm0.028$ 42 DEDIVITIIS 2003 LATT $1.19$ $\pm0.11$ 43 EIDEMULLER 2003 THEO $1.289$ $\pm0.043$ 44 ERLER 2003 THEO $1.26$ $\pm0.02$ 45 ZYABLYUK 2003 THEO 1  ALEXANDROU 2021 determines the quark mass using a lattice calculation of the meson and baryon masses with a twisted mass fermion action. We have converted ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = $1.036$ $\pm0.017$ ${}^{+0.015}_{-0.008}$ to ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$). The simulations are carried out using 2+1+1 dynamical quarks with ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit u}}}$ = ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit d}}}{}\not={\mathit m}_{{{\mathit s}}}{}\not={\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$, including gauge ensembles close to the physical pion point. 2  HEITGER 2021 determines the charm quark mass using a ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$ = 2+1 flavor lattice QCD simulation with non-perturbatively O(a) improved Wilson fermions. They also determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = $1.007$ $\pm0.016$ GeV. 3  HATTON 2020 determines the charm quark mass with a lattice QCD + quenched QED simulation using the HISQ action and including ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$ = 2+1+1 flavors of sea quarks. ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ is tuned from the ${{\mathit J / \psi}}$ meson mass giving ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = $0.9841$ $\pm0.0051$ GeV. 4  NARISON 2020 determines the quark mass using QCD Laplace sum rules from the ${{\mathit B}_{{{c}}}}$ mass, combined with previous determinations of the QCD condensates and ${\mathit {\mathit c}}$ and ${\mathit {\mathit b}}$ masses. 5  ABRAMOWICZ 2018 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) = $1.290$ ${}^{+0.046}_{-0.041}{}^{+0.062}_{-0.014}{}^{+0.003}_{-0.031}$ from the production of ${\mathit {\mathit c}}$ quarks in ${{\mathit e}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at HERA using combined H1 and ZEUS data. The experimental/fitting errors, and those from modeling and parameterization have been combined in quadrature. 6  BAZAVOV 2018 determine the quark masses using a lattice computation with staggered fermions and four active quark flavors. 7  LYTLE 2018 combined with CHAKRABORTY 15 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = 0.9874(48) GeV from a lattice simulation with ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$ = 2+1+1 flavors. They also determine the quoted value ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) for ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$ = 4 dynamical flavors. 8  PESET 2018 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) and ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{b}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{b}}}}$) using an N3LO calculation of the ${{\mathit \eta}_{{{c}}}}$, ${{\mathit \eta}_{{{b}}}}$ and ${{\mathit B}_{{{c}}}}$ masses. 9  CHETYRKIN 2017 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\mathit \mu}}$ = 3 GeV) = $0.993$ $\pm0.008$ GeV and ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from a four-loop sum-rule computation of the cross-section for ${{\mathit e}^{+}}$ ${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ $\rightarrow$ hadrons in the charm threshold region. 10  ERLER 2017 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) = $1.272$ $\pm0.008$ GeV from a three-loop QCD sum-rule computation of the vector current correlator. This result is for fixed ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}(M_{Z}$) = 0.1182. Including an ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}$ uncertainty of $\pm0.0016$, the charm mass error increases from 8 to 9 MeV. 11  KIYO 2016 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from the ${{\mathit J / \psi}{(1S)}}$ mass at order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ (N3LO). 12  DEHNADI 2015 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) using sum rules for ${{\mathit e}^{+}}$ ${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ $\rightarrow$ hadrons at order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ (N3LO), and fitting to both experimental data and lattice results. 13  CARRASCO 2014 is a lattice QCD computation of light quark masses using 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical quarks, with ${{\mathit m}_{{{u}}}}$ = ${{\mathit m}_{{{d}}}}{}\not=$ ${{\mathit m}_{{{s}}}}{}\not=$ ${{\mathit m}_{{{c}}}}$. The ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ and ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$ quark masses are obtained separately by using the ${{\mathit K}}$ meson mass splittings and lattice results for the electromagnetic contributions. 14  ALEKHIN 2013 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from charm production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA using approximate NNLO QCD. 15  SAMOYLOV 2013 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from a study of charm dimuon production in neutrino-iron scattering using the NLO QCD result for the charm quark production cross section. 16  BODENSTEIN 2011 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = $0.987$ $\pm0.009$ GeV and ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) = $1.278$ $\pm0.009$ GeV using QCD sum rules for the charm quark vector current correlator. 17  LASCHKA 2011 determine the ${{\mathit c}}$ mass from the charmonium spectrum. The theoretical computation uses the heavy potential to order 1/${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit Q}}}$ obtained by matching the short-distance perturbative result onto lattice QCD result at larger scales. 18  AUBERT 2010A determine the ${\mathit {\mathit b}}$- and ${\mathit {\mathit c}}$-quark masses from a fit to the inclusive decay spectra in semileptonic ${{\mathit B}}$ decays in the kinetic scheme (and convert it to the $\overline{\rm{}MS}$ scheme). 19  SIGNER 2009 determines the ${\mathit {\mathit c}}$-quark mass using non-relativistic sum rules to analyze the ${{\mathit e}^{+}}$ ${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit c}}{{\overline{\mathit c}}}$ cross-section near threshold. Also determine the PS mass ($\mu _{F}$= 0.7 GeV) = $1.50$ $\pm0.04$ GeV. 20  NARISON 2018A determines simultaneously ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) and the 4-dimension gluon condensate using QCD exponential sum rules and their ratios evaluated at the optimal scale $\mu $ = 2.85 GeV at N2LO-N3LO of perturbative QCD and including condensates up to dimension $6 - 8$ in the (axial-)vector and (pseudo-)scalar charmonium channels. 21  NARISON 2018B determines ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) using QCD vector moment sum rules and their ratios at N2LO-N3LO of perturbative QCD and including condensates up to dimension 8. 22  BERTONE 2016 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from HERA deep inelastic scattering data using the FONLL scheme. Also determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}})=1.318$ $\pm0.054$ ${}^{+0.490}_{-0.022}$ using the fixed flavor number scheme. 23  CHAKRABORTY 2015 is a lattice QCD computation using 2+1+1 dynamical flavors. Moments of pseudoscalar current-current correlators are matched to ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$-accurate QCD perturbation theory with the ${{\mathit \eta}_{{{c}}}}$ meson mass tuned to experiment. 24  ABRAMOWICZ 2013C determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from charm production in deep inelastic ${{\mathit e}}{{\mathit p}}$ scattering, using the QCD prediction at NLO order. The uncertainties from model and parameterization assumptions, and the value of ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}$, of $\pm0.03$, $\pm 0.02$, and $\pm 0.02$ respectively, have been combined in quadrature. 25  DEHNADI 2013 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ using QCD sum rules for the charmonium spectrum and charm continuum to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ (N3LO). The statistical and systematic experimental errors of $\pm0.006$ and $\pm0.009$ have been combined in quadrature. The theoretical uncertainties $\pm0.019$ from truncation of the perturbation series, $\pm0.010$ from ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}$, and $\pm0.002$ from the gluon condensate have been combined in quadrature. 26  NARISON 2013 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ using QCD spectral sum rules to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{2}}$ (NNLO) and including condensates up to dimension 6. 27  ALEKHIN 2012 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from heavy quark production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA using approximate NNLO QCD. 28  NARISON 2012A determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ using sum rules for the vector current correlator to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$, including the effect of gluon condensates up to dimension eight. 29  ALEKHIN 2011 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from heavy quark production in deep inelastic scattering using fixed target and HERA data, and approximate NNLO QCD. 30  BLOSSIER 2010 determines quark masses from a computation of the hadron spectrum using ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$=2 dynamical twisted-mass Wilson fermions. 31  BODENSTEIN 2010 determines ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$(3 GeV) = $1.008$ $\pm0.026$ GeV using finite energy sum rules for the vector current correlator. The authors have converted this to ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) using ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}}({{\mathit M}_{{{Z}}}}$) = $0.1189$ $\pm0.0020$. 32  MCNEILE 2010 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ by comparing the order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ perturbative results for the pseudo-scalar current to lattice simulations with ${{\mathit n}_{{{f}}}}$ = 2+1 sea-quarks by the HPQCD collaboration. 33  NARISON 2010 determines ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from ratios of moments of vector current correlators computed to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ and including the dimension-six gluon condensate. 34  CHETYRKIN 2009 determine ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ and ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit b}}}$ from the ${{\mathit e}^{+}}$ ${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit Q}}{{\overline{\mathit Q}}}$ cross-section and sum rules, using an order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$ computation of the heavy quark vacuum polarization. They also determine ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$(3 GeV) = $0.986$ $\pm0.013$GeV. 35  ALLISON 2008 determine ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ by comparing four-loop perturbative results for the pseudo-scalar current correlator to lattice simulations by the HPQCD collaboration. The result has been updated in MCNEILE 2010. 36  KUHN 2007 determine ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\mathit \mu}}$ = 3 GeV) = $0.986$ $\pm0.013$ GeV and ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from a four-loop sum-rule computation of the cross-section for ${{\mathit e}^{+}}$ ${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ $\rightarrow$ hadrons in the charm threshold region. 37  BOUGHEZAL 2006 result comes from the first moment of the hadronic production cross-section to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$. 38  BUCHMUELLER 2006 determine ${{\mathit m}_{{{b}}}}$ and ${{\mathit m}_{{{c}}}}$ by a global fit to inclusive ${{\mathit B}}$ decay spectra. 39  HOANG 2006 determines ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from a global fit to inclusive ${{\mathit B}}$ decay data. The ${{\mathit B}}$ decay distributions were computed to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{2}}{{\mathit \beta}_{{{0}}}}$, and the conversion between different ${{\mathit m}_{{{c}}}}$ mass schemes to order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{3}}$. 40  AUBERT 2004X obtain ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit c}}}$ from a fit to the hadron mass and lepton energy distributions in semileptonic ${{\mathit B}}$ decay. The paper quotes values in the kinetic scheme. The $\overline{\rm{}MS}$ value has been provided by the BABAR collaboration. 41  HOANG 2004 determines ${{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}({{\overline{\mathit m}}_{{{c}}}}$) from moments at order ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{{s}}}^{2}}$ of the charm production cross-section in ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ annihilation. 42  DEDIVITIIS 2003 use a quenched lattice computation of heavy-heavy and heavy-light meson masses. 43  EIDEMULLER 2003 determines m$_{b}$ and m$_{c}$ using QCD sum rules. 44  ERLER 2003 determines m$_{b}$ and m$_{c}$ using QCD sum rules. Includes recent BES data. 45  ZYABLYUK 2003 determines m$_{c}$ by using QCD sum rules in the pseudoscalar channel and comparing with the $\eta _{c}$ mass.

${\mathit {\mathit c}}$-QUARK MASS (GeV)

References