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¹	AAD 2024B search for non-resonant jets +MET at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV with 139 fb${}^{-1}$. No excess observed. Limits placed on dark sector model mediator mass and coupling.

²	AAD 2022G search for single vector-like quark ${{\mathit T}}$ with ${{\mathit T}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\mathit h}}$ in all hadronic mode with 139 fb${}^{-1}$ at 13 TeV; no signal observed; limits placed in mass vs. coupling plane.

³	TUMASYAN 2022H search for new states of matter via non-resonant mutilepton production based on a luminosity of 138 fb${}^{-1}$; no signal observed; limits placed on vector-like leptons, leptoquarks, and new fermions from type-III seesaw model.

⁴	SIRUNYAN 2021T perform model unspecific search for deviations from SM with CMS at 13 TeV with 35.9${}^{-1}$ fb data in numerous signature channels. No deviations from SM found.

⁵	SIRUNYAN 2020C search for four top-quark production with decay to multileptons at CMS at 13 TeV with 137 fb${}^{-1}$; no signal is found and limits are placed on the Higgs boson oblique parameter in the effective field theory framework (EFT) and the model parameters (tan${{\mathit \beta}}$).

⁶	AABOUD 2019AA search for BSM physics at 13 TeV with 3.2 fb${}^{-1}$ in $>10^{5}$ regions of $>$ 700 event classes; no significant signal found.

⁷	AABOUD 2019Q search for single top+MET events at 13 TeV with 36.1 fb${}^{-1}$ of data; no signal found and limits set in ${{\mathit \sigma}}$ or coupling vs. mass plane for variety of simplified models including DM and vector-like top quark ${{\mathit T}}$.

⁸	AABOUD 2017D search for ${{\mathit W}}{{\mathit W}}{{\mathit j}}{{\mathit j}}$, ${{\mathit W}}{{\mathit Z}}{{\mathit j}}{{\mathit j}}$ in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at 8 TeV with 3.2 fb${}^{-1}$; set limits on anomalous couplings.

⁹	AABOUD 2017L search for the pair production of heavy vector-like ${{\mathit T}}$ quarks in the ${{\mathit Z}}(\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \nu}}{{\mathit \nu}}$ )${{\mathit t}}{{\mathit X}}$ final state.

¹⁰	SIRUNYAN 2017B search for vector-like quark ${{\mathit p}}$ ${{\mathit p}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit T}}{{\mathit X}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\mathit H}}{{\mathit X}}$ in 2.3 fb${}^{-1}$ at 13 TeV; no signal seen; limits placed.

¹¹	SIRUNYAN 2017C search for vector-like quark ${{\mathit p}}$ ${{\mathit p}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit T}}{{\mathit X}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit Z}}$ + (${{\mathit t}}$ or ${{\mathit b}}$) in 2.3 fb${}^{-1}$ at 13 TeV; no signal seen; limits placed.

¹²

SIRUNYAN 2017J search for ${{\mathit p}}$ ${{\mathit p}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit X}_{{{5/3}}}}{{\mathit X}_{{{5/3}}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\mathit W}}{{\mathit t}}{{\mathit W}}$ with 2.3 fb${}^{-1}$ at 13 TeV. No signal seen: m(${{\mathit X}}$) $>$ 1020 (990) GeV for RH (LH) new charge 5/3 quark.

¹³	AAIJ 2015BD search for production of long-lived particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = 7 and 8 TeV. See their Table 6 for cross section limits.

¹⁴	AAD 2013AH search for production of long-lived particles with $\vert $q$\vert =(2 - 6)\mathit e$ in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = 7 TeV with 4.4 fb${}^{-1}$. See their Fig. 8 for cross section limits.

¹⁵

AAD 2011I search for production of highly ionizing massive particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = 7$~$TeV with L = 3.1 pb${}^{-1}$. See their Table 5 for similar limits for $\vert $q$\vert $ = 6${{\mathit e}}$ and 17${{\mathit e}}$, Table 6 for limits on pair production cross section.

¹⁶

AALTONEN 2009Z search for long-lived charged particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\overline{\mathit p}}}$ collisions at $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = 1.96 TeV with $\mathit L$ = 1.0 fb${}^{-1}$. The limits are on production cross section for a particle of mass above 100 GeV in the region $\vert {{\mathit \eta}}\vert $ ${ {}\lesssim{} }$ 0.7, $p_T>$ 40 GeV, and 0.4 $<{{\mathit \beta}}<$ 1.0.

¹⁷	Limit for weakly interacting charge-1 particle.

¹⁸	Limit for up-quark like particle.

¹⁹

ABAZOV 2009M search for pair production of long-lived charged particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\overline{\mathit p}}}$ collisions at $\mathit E_{{\mathrm {cm}}}$ = 1.96 TeV with $\mathit L$ = 1.1 fb${}^{-1}$. Limit on the cross section of ($0.31 - 0.04$) pb (95$\%$ CL) is given for the mass range of $60 - 300$ GeV, assuming the kinematics of stau pair production.

²⁰	AKTAS 2004C look for charged particle photoproduction at HERA with mean c.m. energy of 200~GeV.

²¹	ABE 1992J look for pair production of unit-charged particles which leave detector before decaying. Limit shown here is for $\mathit m$=50 GeV. See their Fig.$~$5 for different charges and stronger limits for higher mass.

²²	CARROLL 1978 look for neutral, $\mathit S$ = $-2$ dihyperon resonance in ${{\mathit p}}$ ${{\mathit p}}$ $\rightarrow$ 2 ${{\mathit K}^{+}}$ X. Cross section varies within above limits over mass range and $\mathit p_{{\mathrm {lab}}}$ = 5.1$-$5.9 ${\mathrm {GeV/}}\mathit c$.

²³	LEIPUNER 1973 is an NAL 300 GeV ${{\mathit p}}$ experiment. Would have detected particles with lifetime greater than 200 ns.

References

Except where otherwise noted, content of the 2024 Review of Particle Physics is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. The publication of the Review of Particle Physics is supported by US DOE, MEXT (Japan), INFN (Italy) and CERN. Individual collaborators receive support for their PDG activities from their respective institutes or funding agencies. © 2024. See LBNL disclaimers.

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