MASS LIMITS for Long-Lived Charged Heavy Fermions
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Limits are for spin 1/2 particles with no color and SU(2)$_{L}$ charge. The electric charge $\mathit Q$ of the particle (in the unit of ${{\mathit e}}$) is therefore equal to its weak hypercharge. Pair production by Drell-Yan like ${{\mathit \gamma}}$ and ${{\mathit Z}}$ exchange is assumed to derive the limits.