#### ${{\mathit e}}$ ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT (d)

A nonzero value is forbidden by both $\mathit T$ invariance and $\mathit P$ invariance.
VALUE ($10^{-28}$ $\mathit e~$cm) CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN  COMMENT
$\bf{<0.11}$ 90 1
 2018
CNTR ${}^{}\mathrm {ThO}$ molecules
• • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • •
$<1.3$ 90 2
 2017
ESR ${}^{180}\mathrm {Hf}{}^{19}\mathrm {F}$ molecules
$-5570$ $\pm7980$ $\pm120$
 2015
CNTR Gd$_{3}$Ga$_{5}O_{12}$ molecules
$<0.87$ 90 3
 2014
CNTR ${}^{}\mathrm {ThO}$ molecules
$<6050$ 90 4
 2012
CNTR Eu$_{0.5}$Ba$_{0.5}$TiO$_{3}$ molecules
$<10.5$ 90 5
 2011
NMR ${}^{}\mathrm {YbF}$ molecules
$6.9$ $\pm7.4$
 2002
MRS ${}^{205}\mathrm {Tl}$ beams
$18$ $\pm12$ $\pm10$ 6
 1994
MRS ${}^{205}\mathrm {Tl}$ beams
$-27$ $\pm83$ 6
 1990
MRS ${}^{205}\mathrm {Tl}$ beams
$-1400$ $\pm2400$
 1989
NMR ${}^{}\mathrm {TlF}$ molecules
$-150$ $\pm550$ $\pm150$
 1989
${}^{}\mathrm {Cs}$, no $\mathit B$ field
$-5000$ $\pm11000$
 1987
NMR ${}^{199}\mathrm {Hg}$
$19000$ $\pm34000$ 90
 1975
MRS Thallium
$7000$ $\pm22000$ 90
 1970
MRS Xenon
$\text{<30000}$ 90
 1968
MRS Cesium
 1 ANDREEV 2018 gives a measurement corresponding to this limit as ($4.3$ $\pm3.1$ $\pm2.6$) $\times 10^{-30}{{\mathit e}}$ cm.
 2 CAIRNCROSS 2017 gives a measurement corresponding to this limit as ($0.09$ $\pm0.77$ $\pm0.17$) $\times 10^{-28}{{\mathit e}}$ cm.
 3 BARON 2014 gives a measurement corresponding to this limit as ($-0.21$ $\pm0.37$ $\pm0.25$) $\times 10^{-28}{{\mathit e}}$ cm.
 4 ECKEL 2012 gives a measurement corresponding to this limit as ($-1.07$ $\pm3.06$ $\pm1.74$) $\times 10^{-25}{{\mathit e}}$ cm.
 5 HUDSON 2011 gives a measurement corresponding to this limit as ($-2.4$ $\pm5.7$ $\pm1.5$) $\times 10^{-28}{{\mathit e}}$ cm.
 6 ABDULLAH 1990 , COMMINS 1994 , and REGAN 2002 use the relativistic enhancement of a valence electron's electric dipole moment in a high-Z atom.
Conservation Laws:
TIME REVERSAL ($\mathit T$) INVARIANCE
PARITY ($\mathit P$) INVARIANCE
References:
 ANDREEV 2018
NAT 562 355 Improved limit on the electric dipole moment of the electron
 CAIRNCROSS 2017
PRL 119 153001 Precision Measurement of the Electron’s Electric Dipole Moment using Trapped Molecular Ions
 KIM 2015
PR D91 102004 New Experimental Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron in a Paramagnetic Insulator
 BARON 2014
SCIENCE 343 269 Order of Magnitude Smaller Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron
 ECKEL 2012
PRL 109 193003 Limit on the Electron Electric Dipole Moment using Paramagnetic Ferroelectric Eu$_{0.5}$Ba$_{0.5}$Ti$_{O3}$
 HUDSON 2011
NAT 473 493 Improved Measurement of the Shape of the Electron
 REGAN 2002
PRL 88 071805 New Limit on the Electron Electric Dipole Moment
 COMMINS 1994
PR A50 2960 Improved Experimental Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron
 ABDULLAH 1990
PRL 65 2347 New Experimental Limit on the Electron Electric Dipole Moment
 CHO 1989
PRL 63 2559 Tenfold Improvement of Limits on $\mathit T$ Violation in Thallium Fluoride
 MURTHY 1989
PRL 63 965 New Limits on the Electron Electric Dipole Moment from Cesium
 LAMOREAUX 1987
PRL 59 2275 New Constraints on Time Reversal Asymmetry from a Search for a Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of ${}^{199}\mathrm {Hg}$
 SANDARS 1975
PR A11 473 Electric Dipole Moment Enhancement Factor for Thallium Atom, and a New Upper Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron
 PLAYER 1970
JP B3 1620 An Experiment to Search for an Electric Dipole Moment in the ${}^{3}P_{2}$ Metastable State of Xenon
 WEISSKOPF 1968
PRL 21 1645 Electric Dipole Moment of the Cesium Atom. A New Upper Limit to the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron